Cultural Resource Management · Since 2002

Reading the ground. Recording what stands.

Birchwood is a full-service cultural resource management firm. We help agencies, developers and property owners meet their federal and state preservation obligations, from the first background study to full-scale site mitigation and historic building documentation.

  • 30+Years in cultural
    resource management
  • 500+Reports, surveys &
    NR nominations
  • I–IIIEvery phase of
    archaeological survey
  • NY·PAAnd New England
    service area

Our firm

Our firm

We research, recover and analyze the material record of the past, both precontact and historic, and turn it into clear, defensible findings our clients can act on.

Our services range from initial background research and field surveys to the full-scale mitigation of prehistoric and historic archaeological sites. We also provide a wide range of architectural history and preservation services, including resource surveys, documentation and National Register nominations.

Birchwood is led by President and Principal Investigator David Moyer, MA, RPA, who meets the Secretary of the Interior’s professional qualification standards (36 CFR 61) and has written more than 500 cultural resource management reports.

Meet the principal investigator
David Moyer in a plowed field during a pedestrian survey, holding a pin flag
Historic artifacts including a toy pistol, a toy car and porcelain doll parts laid out with a photo scale

What we do

Two disciplines, one team

Each project is fitted to its needs, with an emphasis on accurate, cost-effective and timely analysis that keeps it moving through review.

Archaeologist standing in a long machine-cut trench during a site examination

01 / Archaeology

Archaeological Services

  • Phase IA literature reviews & sensitivity assessments
  • Phase IB field reconnaissance surveys
  • Phase II site examinations & Phase III data recovery
  • Construction monitoring & site delineation
  • Artifact conservation, cataloging & curation
Archaeological services
Hand-hewn queen truss framing inside a c.1800 barn

02 / Architecture

Architectural History & Preservation

  • Historic resource surveys & inventories
  • Building & site research, deed and probate trace
  • HABS/HAER-level documentation
  • Rural, urban & farm building studies
  • National Register nominations & historic structure reports
Preservation services

How a project unfolds

Layer by layer, from desk to data recovery

Archaeology works from the surface down, and so does a cultural resource review. Each phase answers a question, and many projects are resolved early.

  1. Phase IA · Surface

    Background & sensitivity

    Archival research, historic maps, site files and walkover to assess where cultural resources are likely to be.

  2. Phase IB · Topsoil

    Field reconnaissance

    Systematic shovel testing and pedestrian survey to find out whether sites are present within the project area.

  3. Phase II · Subsoil

    Site examination

    Test units and analysis to define a site’s boundaries, integrity and eligibility for the National Register.

  4. Phase III · Deposit

    Data recovery & mitigation

    When a significant site can’t be avoided, full-scale excavation, analysis and reporting preserve its information.

Research & outreach

Sharing what we find

Our work doesn’t end with the report. We publish and present our research at regional conferences, from rock art on the Northwestern Plains to brick chemistry in Albany County and gravestone traditions in central New York.

We also bring archaeology to the public, with classroom visits, public excavations and talks for historical societies and museums.

Research & publications   Public outreach

Facing Section 106 or SEQRA review?

Tell us about your project. We’ll explain what review is likely to require and give you a clear, cost-effective path through it.